A Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is a quick and non-invasive procedure used to measure bone density and body composition. It helps diagnose conditions like osteoporosis, assess fracture risk, and monitor changes in muscle and fat mass. Proper preparation ensures accurate results, making it crucial to follow specific guidelines before your appointment. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know to get ready for your DEXA scan.
Understanding a DEXA Scan
What is a DEXA Scan?
A DEXA scan uses low-dose X-ray technology to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat percentage. It is commonly used to:
- Detect osteoporosis and measure bone strength.
- Assess overall body composition (fat mass vs. lean mass).
- Monitor weight loss and muscle gain progress.
- Evaluate risk factors for fractures and bone-related diseases.
Why is Proper Preparation Important?
Failing to prepare correctly can lead to inaccurate readings, which may affect your diagnosis and treatment plan. Factors like diet, medications, and recent medical procedures can influence the scan results. By following the right preparation steps, you can ensure precise and reliable outcomes.
Pre-Scan Guidelines: What to Do and What to Avoid
1. Dietary Considerations
- Avoid High-Calcium Foods: Refrain from consuming calcium-rich foods (dairy products, leafy greens, fortified cereals) at least 24 hours before the scan.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water but avoid carbonated and caffeinated drinks before the test.
- Eating Before the Scan: You can eat a light meal but avoid overeating or consuming heavy, greasy foods.
2. Medications & Supplements
- Stop Taking Calcium Supplements: Calcium tablets and multivitamins should be discontinued at least 24-48 hours before the scan.
- Consult Your Doctor About Medications: If you’re on osteoporosis medication, steroids, or hormone therapy, check with your doctor to see if you need to pause them.
3. Clothing & Accessories
- Wear Comfortable Clothing: Loose-fitting clothes without metal zippers, buttons, or belts are recommended.
- Avoid Jewelry & Accessories: Remove necklaces, earrings, and any metallic objects that might interfere with the X-ray.
- No Underwire Bras: These can affect the scan results, so opt for sports bras or wire-free alternatives.
4. Recent Medical Procedures & Tests
- Delay After Contrast-Based Scans: If you’ve had a CT scan, MRI, or barium study, wait at least a week before scheduling a DEXA scan.
- Inform Your Technician: If you’ve recently had surgery or metal implants, let the healthcare provider know in advance.
What to Expect on the Day of the Scan
Before the Scan
- Arrive 10-15 minutes early to fill out any necessary paperwork.
- The technician may ask about your medical history, medications, and recent imaging tests.
- You may be asked to change into a hospital gown if your clothing contains metal.
During the Scan
- The procedure is painless and non-invasive, lasting about 10-20 minutes.
- You’ll lie on a padded table while a scanning arm passes over your body.
- Remain still and breathe normally to ensure clear images.
After the Scan
- You can resume normal activities immediately after the scan.
- Your results will be reviewed by a radiologist and sent to your doctor within a few days.
Common Myths & Misconceptions About DEXA Scans
Myth 1: DEXA Scans Expose You to High Radiation
Fact: The radiation dose from a DEXA scan is extremely low, equivalent to less than a day’s exposure to natural background radiation.
Myth 2: You Cannot Eat for 24 Hours Before a DEXA Scan
Fact: While high-calcium foods should be avoided, there is no need to fast before a DEXA scan.
Myth 3: DEXA Scans Are Only for Older Adults
Fact: While commonly used for osteoporosis screening, DEXA scans are beneficial for athletes, individuals monitoring weight loss, and those with medical conditions affecting bone health.
Conclusion
Preparing for a DEXA scan is simple yet crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable results. By following these guidelines—avoiding calcium supplements, wearing appropriate clothing, and informing your doctor about recent medical procedures—you can ensure a smooth experience. If you have any concerns, consult with your healthcare provider before the scan.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Can I Drink Water Before a DEXA Scan?
Yes, drinking water is perfectly fine and does not affect the scan results.
2. How Long Does a DEXA Scan Take?
The scan typically takes 10-20 minutes.
3. Should I Stop Taking Calcium Supplements Before the Scan?
Yes, it is recommended to stop calcium supplements 24-48 hours before the scan.
4. What Should I Wear to a DEXA Scan?
Wear loose, comfortable clothing without metal zippers, buttons, or belts.
5. Can I Get a DEXA Scan If I’m Pregnant?
No, DEXA scans are generally not recommended during pregnancy due to radiation exposure.
6. Will a DEXA Scan Hurt?
No, a DEXA scan is completely painless and requires no injections or invasive procedures.
7. How Often Should I Get a DEXA Scan?
For osteoporosis screening, it is typically done every 1-2 years, depending on your risk factors and doctor’s recommendations.
